8. rule. Family Research Association of Mississippi, PO Box 13334, Jackson, MS 39236-3334. supreme sacrifice. The death toll for Chickasaw Co during By 1916 more than half of the Chickasaws church members were Baptistsmostly either Missionary Baptists or Southern Baptists. A co-educational academy was established about 1850 by Dr. Hugh Quinn at Palo Alto. If the surname is found, they can then view the Discover 595 listings of Mississippi land for sale over 20 acres. In 1850 a coalition of six Democrats and six Whigs met at the courthouse in Houston and drafted a set of resolutions. Census data for 1860 was obtained from the Historical United States Census Data Buy. Some of the families left the area completely and others moved Early newspapers included "The Houston State Advocate", the first county paper. TERMINOLOGY. Blacks with leadership ability were known by the inelegant term "Fluence Niggers" and used to turn out the vote for favored candidates. 7,338 whites, 1 "free colored" and 9,087 slaves. Red Harrell Reid, editor of the "Hummer" a county newspaper wrote in Nov 1915: "There is a strange looking object looming up on the agricultural horizon -- a sort of geared grasshopper, an aluminum, camel humped denuded motor equipped with one or more span LARGEST SLAVEHOLDERS FROM 1860 SLAVE CENSUS SCHEDULES, SURNAME MATCHES FOR AFRICAN AMERICANS ON 1870 CENSUS. In addition to the government assistance, private charity work was being done. Located in north-central Mississippi, Chickasaw County possesses a notable number of creeks and lakes and is traversed by both the Yalobusha and Tombigbee Rivers. During the 1840s, the rich prairie lands had been settled and improved and the plantation system was well established. Dairy farming and cattle became increasingly central to Chickasaws agricultural sector during the first half of the twentieth century, while sweet potato cultivation increased following World War II. Jackson County Genealogical Society, c/o Else J. Martin, 6301 Country Lane, Pascagoula, MS 39581. North MS Medical Center. You are the visitor to this page. In 1910, a small insect from Mexico appeared for the first time in Chickasaw Co and this small insect, the boll weevil would force diversification. Where did the Chickasaw County freed slaves go if they did not stay in the County? Those opposed to the Compromise became known as States Rights Democrats. The Hopewell people were fascinated with death and attached great importance to the manner of burial. party came on strongly with an anti-slavery plank, state Democrats forgot their differences. This struggle was peaceful, but not pretty. Dr. V. B. Philot was the surgeon in charge. Though agriculture remained the countys primary subsistence activity, the demise of Chickasaws plantation economy led to the rise of small farms and sharecropping. The property consists Another building was built to house an elementary grades of the Houston Municipal system and was located on the southeast corner of Madison and Starkville. The elevation is 354 feet. Other county banks managed to hold firm. slaveholder at the time of the 1870 census and they may have still been living in the same State or County. Very few people Its county seats are Houston and Okolona. As late as the 1880s, blacks were serving in the state legislature; but passage of laws favoring white supremacy, along with economic pressure, eroded their participation in the electoral process. When French LA was taken over by Spain, the Spanish efforts to stir up trouble with the Chickasaws was resisted. A number of people worked at the Gulf Ordnance Plant located at Prairie in Monroe Co. The primary coordinate point for Houston is located at latitude 33.8984 and longitude -88.9992 in Chickasaw County . On June 20, 1836 the board met again at the Indian house near Old Houlka, north of present day Houston, to select a site for the county seat. He entered the service as a captain with the Chickasaw Guards, Co H, 11th Infantry; the company being mustered at Houston on Mar 9, 1861. These "general stores" sold a wide variety of goods including hats, boots, shoes, hardware, cutlery, saddles, piece goods, bonnets, jewelry and groceries. miles. It is estimated by this transcriber that in 1860, slaveholders of 200 or more slaves, while constituting less than 1 The school was originally founded as the MS Normal High Joel Pinson donated a plot of ground to each of the four denominations represented in Houston at its founding. Later a road was built from Houston to Starkville and the Houston/Hopewell Road was extended to Grenada. Okolona soon became an important MIGRATION OF FORMER SLAVES: According to U.S. Census data, the 1860 Chickasaw County population included D'Artagnette and his group arrived at the proposed meeting place and decided not to wait for Bienville and his men. A young Scotsman who was trying to start a school for former slaves at Sparta was one of the casualties of the time. A second law passed five days later named John Defacement, Richard Elliot, Thomas Ivy, Thomas Gates and Benjamin Anderson as commissioners for the purpose of organizing the county. Knitting instructions were printed in the local newspapers. valorem taxes. This ladies and gentlemen, is caressingly termed -- a tractor." Census data on African Americans in the 1870 census was obtained using Heritage By 1860 the county had changed substantially. Though the countys citizens were originally divided in their loyalties, Chickasaw Countys political representatives eventually formed a solid base in favor of secession, and many of the countys natives served in the Civil War. The new town of Houston was well supplied with professional men; having thirteen doctors and twenty-three lawyers in 1860. Two volumes that were overlooked when the records were loaded from the time. listed as having 10,380 whites, about 41% more than in 1860, but the 1960 total of 6,499 "Negroes"was about 28% less This organization provided employment to a number of young men in the county. Okolona soon became an important These stores sold medicines; but also carried a wide variety of alcoholic beverages. can be viewed to see if there were smaller slaveholders with that surname. In time, the Hopewells disappeared from the area and were in all probability absorbed by the later groups of people who moved into the area. The British directed a Mr. Stuart, superintendent of Indian affairs south of the Ohio River, to "rally the Chickasaws and other tribes to take arms against His Majesty's resigned from the U. S. Congress and reversed his position regarding secession, the people of Chickasaw came to support the secession movement. Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb community. what is now Calhoun Co. Two other early roads, one between Houston and Pontotoc and another that connected Houston and Aberdeen were built. The citizens of Chickasaw Co waited eagerly for news of the invasion of the European continent. Property owners in the county suffered losses on many fronts as a result of the war, especially in the destruction of the countys economic infrastructure. A group of Houston civic leaders formed a corporation in 1919 to open a larger and more modern hospital. Since the turn of the century, Chickasaw Co farmers had increasingly turned away from cotton as a single money making crop and had been more diversified in their operations. [2] The county is named for the Chickasaw people, who lived in this area for hundreds of years. The officials of Chickasaw Co attempted to levy funds for the relief of wives and widows and the children of the soldiers. Browse our gallery of the property or contact Mark Lewis, ALC at 662-418-4422. 1860 slaveholder. Long before the county was formed a type of Paleo-Indian people, also known as the Hopewells, lived here. http://fisher.lib.virginia.edu/census/ . In the "first call" from Chickasaw Co there were two hundred and ninety-four and many young men did not wait to be drafted. Those who have found a free ancestor on the 1860 Chickasaw County, Mississippi census can check this list to learn if their for dairy purposes. White land owners also successfully applied economic pressure by refusing to employ blacks who voted, or who voted Republican. Lochinvar is an antebellum home near Pontotoc, Mississippi built by Robert Gordon ca. The information on surname matches of 1870 African Americans and 1860 slaveholders is intended merely to provide data Under the presidency of Andrew Jackson, the Indians were finally driven from Chickasaw Co. Jackson passed through the area on his return from the Battle of New Orleans in Feb 1813. of the surname of the slaveholder, can check this list for the surname. enemies". Palmyra Plantation: Quitman, Turner Poplar Grove Propinquity Plantation Providence Plantation: Veazie River Place (near Ellis Cliffs): Wolcot River Place (near Natchez Island): Denominations represented in Okolona during this period were Methodist, Baptist, Presbyterian, Episcopalian, Cumberland Presbyterian and Roman Catholic. If interested in purchasing one of these volumes, contact the Chickasaw Co Historical and Genealogical Society, P. O. At the head of navigation on the Chuquantonchee Creek, it was an important port for the shipping of agricultural products to the port of Mobile. The French viewed the Chickasaw Indians as a "troublesome" people and were determined to wipe them out. Two efforts were made by the British to improve the government of the Chickasaw nation. The 1860 U.S. Census Slave Schedules for Chickasaw County, Mississippi (NARA microfilm series M653, We are always in need of more information. Whether or not the ancestor is found to have been a slaveholder, a viewing of the slave census will provide an informed Easily find plantation land for sale in Chickasaw County Mississippi at LANDFLIP.com. presuming an African American was a slave on the 1860 census, the free census for 1860 should be checked, as almost 11% than what the colored population had been 100 years before.) Nestled in the hills of Chickasaw County, MS, these 188.65 acres located in Sections 7 and 8, T13S, R3E, offer both timber and recreational investment opportunities. the Union forces inflicted little permanent damage. in Chickasaw County, accounting for 3,222 slaves, or 35% of the County total. can be viewed to find out whether the ancestor was a holder of a fewer number of slaves or not a slaveholder at all. In 1894, the enrollment was 451 and five different states and forty MS counties were represented in the student body. In Apr 1933 enrollment of young men between the ages of 18 and 25 in a "Civilian Conservation Corps", later known as CCC, was announced. The ladies promoted the sale of Liberty Bonds and worked with the Red Cross preparing "comfort bags" for the departing men and knitting socks and "wristlets". As a result, dairying became an important industry in the county during World War II. After the surrender of Lee, the soldiers returned home to Chickasaw Co to almost unbelievable disaster. It should be noted however, that in comparing census data for was established to aid the unemployed and indigent, regardless of race, creed or color. The Chickasaw Indians practiced a monotheistic religion and worshiped their god, Ababinili, atop ceremonial mounds. Gas stations as such were yet to be and fuel for automobiles was bought at the local drug stores. One is that they had a disagreement. Their immediate duties were to hold an election to select other county officer and select a site for the county seat. mail. A highlight of the event was the presence and participation of Overton James, Governor of the Chickasaw nation, and his Turnpikes and The county's first church was a Baptist church built in 1835 in the southwestern part of the county by the The old ante-bellum home was extensively renovated and added to, resulting in a fine, well equipped hospital and was open to all the doctors in the area. The only actual fighting in which the Chickasaws took part during this period was against General George Rogers Clark in 1780, defeating Clark. Dr. Charles Davis of McCondy opened the county's first hospital in Houston in 1914. To check a master surname list for other States In Aug 1836 a survey was conducted and lots in the new town sold quickly and enough money was made available for the construction of a brick court house on the town square and a jail to be located one block to the north. The Public Works Administration changed the face of Chickasaw Co. School buildings and other public buildings were improved. shipping center for the cotton growers and outstripped Houston as a center of commerce. All rights reserved. Country singer Bobbie Gentry, known for her rendition of Ode to Billie Joe, was likewise born in Chickasaw and mentioned the county often in her music. In Dec 1864, a final effort against the railroad pitted the troops of General Grierson against Confederate General Gholson at the Battle of Egypt. In the 1940s, dairying grew in importance. Chickasaw County experienced considerable growth during the first few decades of the twentieth century. 1939 was a poor crop year and the county found itself deeply in debt. Churches, civic clubs, home demonstration cubs and private citizens participated in activities to help in the war effort. As it turned out, the invasion began at 3:00 AM Houston time and almost everyone slept through the ringing of the bell. However, their efforts failed and resulted Candles, kerosene lamps and gas lights were replaced by electric lights and old out houses were replaced by flushing toilets. Vestiges of the countys earliest documented culture, belonging to the Paleo-Indians known as the Hopewells, can be seen at the Bynum Mound and Village Site near Houston. Anti-slavery agitation in the north Chickasaw Co voters, in both parties, began to grow around the late 1840s. In addition to several attempts by federal troops to destroy the stretch of the Mobile and Ohio Railroad running through the county, a number of battles and raids took place in Chickasaw. Smaller but still significant numbers of congregants attended the Methodist Episcopal Church, the Colored Methodist Episcopal Church, and the Presbyterian Church. At Delegates from the northern counties that were created from the Chickasaw lands demanded that the Congressional candidate be chosen from their section. Shortly after the turn of the century, both Houston and Okolona had telephone systems. Travel across the bottom lands of Houlka and Chuquantonchee Creeks was very difficult and sometimes impossible during the rainy season. School children collected newspapers, scrap metal, tin cans and clothing for refugees. [1] Its county seats are Houston and Okolona. Freed slaves, if listed in the next census, in 1870, would have been reported A constitution was eventually written and a state government was formed with blacks filling most of the offices. This latter group was made up of individuals who opposed secession as a solution to the problem. In the early 1900s, automobiles were a familiar site in the county. In Feb 1864, the most damaging raid in the county took place. As more and more white settlers arrived, the struggle "Okolona Male Academy" was founded in 1852 by William f. Tucker. Lowndes and Warren Counties in Mississippi saw increases of 6,000 and 8,000, but no other Mississippi Pontotoc soon afterward. locally owned hospital until 1980 when it was sold to Brookwood Hospital Management Corporation of Birmingham. Please do not use GIF. Easily find plantation land for sale in Calhoun County County Mississippi at LANDFLIP.com. As the one hundred and fiftieth year drew near, it ws noted that this five hundred and seven square miles of northeast MS has endured and often prospered through a variety of upheavals. There It was then suggested that This was the only major highway through the county that had not been paved during the 1930s. General Sooey Smith was ordered to move from LaGrange, TN and rendezvous with his commander General Sherman for an attack on the Confederate arsenal at Selma, AL. Chickasaw was considered among the states postbellum black districts, as following the war its political boundaries were redrawn to ensure the election of African American candidates. for land intensified. A generation passed before farming in Chickasaw Co ws fully mechanized but agricultural practices had undergone great changes. This expedition originated on the Atlantic coast of FL and moved across the southeastern part of what is now the United States and crossed the Tomspanbee River near present day Aberdeen. (As a side note, by 1960, 100 years later, the County was these larger slaveholders, the data seems to show in general not many freed slaves in 1870 were using the surname of their Particularly in the case of This trend intensified during World War II when the county farmers responded to the The county has many acres of timber land, consisting mainly of pine trees, a large dairy, beef farms, hog farms and poultry houses. In 1859, the Mobile and Ohio Railroad came through the county passing through Okolona and Egypt. T. Z. Carothers, a graduate of Princeton, C. P. Ray and A. J. Jamison were closely identified with this school. One outstanding general officer, William Feimster Tucker, was produced. All were shown as in Division 1, except the two holders on This building, still in use today, was opened for county business in Jan 1909. Linking Palo Alto, located in what is now Clay Co, was a thriving community in the early days and was the third largest town in the county. the number of former slaves who used the surname of a former owner in 1870, vary widely and from region to region. Early "cottage" type industries included boot and show making and the manufacture of buggies and wagons, tinware, coffins and furniture. The slavery issue significantly changed both parties and eventually destroyed the Whig party. In 1930 Chickasaws population of 20,835 was almost evenly divided between white and African American residents. The hospital was located on the second floor of a brick store building located on the northwest corner of Jackson and Madison. the Concord Academy was founded by G. S. Gorasty about 1849 and located on Pontotoc Ridge seven miles north of Houston. can be difficult because the name of a plantation may have been changed through the years and because the sizeable number Coming from Tupelo under the command of Major Coon to a point south of Okolona, According to local tradition, he camped near the present day BABBIT & DAUBE, Aberdeen Miss., 73 slaves, page 381B, BOWEN, Keith and seven others, 75 slaves, page 343B, COOPWOOD, William C., 43 slaves, page 348B, EVANS, Joel West Point Miss., 59 slaves, page 342, KIDD, W. H. & J. K., 49 slaves, page 374B. The newspaper was strongly Democrat. war effort by adopting a number of techniques to increase their production. The property consists Republican Clubs which were controlled by the Freedman's Bureau and others recruited former slaves as members. About Us | Contact Us | Copyright | Report Inappropriate Material This was a high standard school and combined academics with industrial training and was the alma mater of most of the black leaders of the area. Twenty years later, only 220 people were still involved in agriculture, while more than half of the workforce, almost 5,000 people, held manufacturing positions, largely in timber and textiles. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,106. term "slaveholder" rather than "slave owner", so that questions of justice and legality of claims of ownership need not be By the time Chickasaw Co was organized, the well traveled Indian Trails such as the Natchez Trace and Gaines Trace were in disrepair. Community Christmas trees were sponsored in these two towns throughout the 1930s. 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