Joseph Blenkinsopp has suggested that the story of Melchizedek is an informal insertion into the narration, possibly inserted in order to give validity to the priesthood and tithes connected with the Second Temple. Some textual critics classify the narration as not being derived from any of the usual pentateuchal sources. For a 3-minute read, explore this quick overview on Hebrews. Salem was a city-state in the land of Canaan. Remember books are hewn out of trees, nothing sculpted, nothing in heaven or earth is to ever be worshipped not even a man. He did have to have certain things happen to be hamashiach but being impregnated by Elohim was not one. Melchizedek is an enigmatic figure twice mentioned in the Hebrew Bible, also known as the Old Testament. In fact, the first mention we have in the Bible of tithe-paying is found in Genesis 14 where Abraham, after winning a battle, came and paid tithe to Melchizedek, a person who is not really . [32], Rabbi Meir Simcha of Dvinsk (18431926) interprets the phrase "And he gave him tithe from all" as a verbal continuation of Melchizedek's speech, i.e., Melchizedek exclaimed that God had chosen to gift Abram a tenth of God's possession of the entire human race (consisting of seventy nations as described in Genesis) in the form of the seven nations of the land of Canaan, including the cities of Sodom that Abram succeeded in saving. In the Authorised King James Version of 1611 he . God does not people or nations help putting his people back in the land. It was a sign that he was who was being sent and who he was preaching about. You can also take a look at this illustrationbased on the theme verse of Hebrews. [94] According to Encyclopdia Britannica, Joseph Smith "appointed his male followers to priesthoods, named for the biblical figures Melchizedek and Aaron, that were overseen by the office of High Priest", incorporating selected practices from the Hebrew Bible. Melchizedek, also spelled Melchisedech, in the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament), a figure of importance in biblical tradition because he was both king and priest, was connected with Jerusalem, and was revered by Abraham, who paid a tithe to him. The New Testament refers to Melchizedek only in The Epistle to the Hebrews. Its never happened in the history of man. Rabbi Judah said in Rabbi Nehorai's name that Melchizedek's blessing yielded prosperity for Abram, Isaac, and Jacob (Genesis Rabbah 43:8). And he blessed him, and said, Blessed be Abram of the most high God, possessor of heaven and earth: And blessed be the most high God, which hath delivered thine enemies into thy hand. The Pelagians viewed Melchizedek as a man with a perfect life. Therefore He is referred to as the second Adam. Would be a little odd for him to then be remembered later on in Hebrews as having no genealogy, since, well, Shems genealogy is kind of the whole point of Genesis 511. Abraham was born in 1948 B.C., and was 140 years old when Shem died. While Shem was still alive and received the tithe Abraham the title was still his. Therefore, Shem must have been the Melchizedek of Abrahams day, since he was the oldest living patriarch in the line of the seed promise when Abraham was alive. Referring to your teaching on Melchizedek, the Bibleis not clear on when Shem died or how long he lived, is it? E side the prophets said they (the children of yisrael) would turn to unrighteousness and become like a harlot and unchaste bride no longer an acceptable one). The Midrash records that Shem functioned as kohen gadol (high priest) in that he taught Torah to the Patriarchs before it was publicly given at Mount Sinai, while the official title of High Priest was conferred upon Aaron after the erection of the Tabernacle. The Midrash quotes multiple aspects of both Melchizedek and Abram; the Rabbis taught that Melchizedek acted as a priest and handed down Adam's robes to Abram (Numbers Rabbah 4:8). Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Though the main strain of the story remains universally accepted, there are multiple variations of his tale across various scriptures. Let us examine first these two names and then the arguments for and against the two being the same person. You misunderstand Hebrews 7:3. Look closely in Isaiah where it talks about the virgin. No actual virgin was necessary. [4]:5960 It also may have been inserted to give validity to the superiority of the Zadokite priests over the Levite priests. biblical patriarch. Melchizedek, also known as Melchisedech in the Old Testament, is a biblical figure that appears in the 14th chapter of The Book of Genesis. In Dickens' novel Dombey and Son, a minor character, Mrs. MacStinger, attends an evangelical church presided over by the Reverend Melchisedech Howler. Not really anything. Likewise, Jacob handed down the scepter to Judah who was the fourth born when he said The scepter shall remain with him until He comes to whom it belongs. Hebrews 7:3 says, "without father, without mother, without genealogy, having neither beginning of days nor end of life, but made like the son of God he remains a priest perpetually." The fact is that Melchisedec is Shem. I can state conclusively that this is not the temple of Melchizedek. That force is not capable to defy Elohim its just a natural part of the world to keep us tempted so we fail and feel guilt and shame which defines us like broken pottery. Theres no Melchizedek, son of So-and-So. [17][4]:56 There is no consensus on when or why the story might have been added. Josephus gives three items of information not found in the other sources, and Philo four. Chedorlaomer, the king who had been controlling the city-states of the region was off conquering the nearby world. Only John heard the voice of Elohim (in a vision because that is how the creator talked to man; furthermore name one time where the creator gave an entire vision or an entire prophecy to a huge crowd in the form of a vision. She was just a woman. You deny the virgin birth and the miraculous birth, however you forget about the numerous prophecies of it. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. If not for hamashiach the Judaism (not quite Jewish) religion we see during the time of Jesus would have died out. [10] Mainstream scholarly understanding of these names ("My King is Righteousness" and "My Lord is Righteousness" respectively) is that they refer to the concept of righteousness and not to a god. Jesus could be the last malchizzadek priest but we would have to only take Pauls word for it. After 40 days of his birth, Melchizedek was taken to the Garden of Eden by archangel Gabriel (Michael, according to some texts) and was saved from the Deluge, although he was not on Noah's Ark. ", Fred L. Horton The Melchizedek Tradition: A Critical Examination of the Sources 2005 p170 "In the Genesis Apocryphon Melchizedek is brought into connection with Jerusalem (as he is later in Josephus), and in Philo Melchizedek is honored as the possessor of an unlearned and untutored priesthood, indeed as a representation", The Melchizedek Tradition: A Critical Examination of the Sources p. 85 Fred L. Horton 2005 "Interestingly enough, we see that the Genesis Apocryphon offers no unique information about Melchizedek. As is the case with many seemingly minor details or characters in the Bible, each plays an important role in God's redemptive story. Melchizedek appears on the scene after Abraham has defeated five kings. And hes proving it with two or more witnesses (him self and tinok the Old Testament) but they only had access to the Torah back then the other scrolls were only in synagogues so most of what was know. Chazalic literature unanimously identify Melchizedek as Shem son of Noah (Targum Yonathan to Genesis chapter 14, Genesis Rabbah 46:7, Babylonian Talmud to Tractate Nedarim 32b). It also mentions that Melchizedek was already grown up, clothed, and speaking when he was born. The righteous king helped build the first temple. ", "if from a string and until a shoe string" Bereishith 14:23, Maharzav (Rabbi Zev Wolf Einhorn;?1862; Lithuania), to Leviticus Rabbah 25:6, Maharzav (Z. V. Einhorn) to Leviticus Rabbah 25:6 (since Abraham's demise preceded Shem's by 35 years), Gareth Lee Cockerill, "The Epistle to the Hebrews", vol. I wrote The Beginners Guide to the Bible to give people an overview of what the Bible is, what its for, and what its all about. The name comes from two Hebrew words: malak(king, ruler) andsadaq(righteous, just, innocent). God is the same yesterday today and tomorrow. Finally, there were 892 years between Noah's birth and Abram's birth. Ephraim Miksha'ah the disciple of Rabbi Meir said in the latter's name that Tamar descended from Melchizedek (Genesis Rabbah 85:10). Then Melchizedek had to go in the shadows. Here it is proposed that Melchizedek is Jesus Christ. This is a catholic dogma that was invented from the myth of Horus (what was also called CHRST). The righteous king was a title passed down over and over in generations from Adam to David. Heres an infographic on Hebrews. [71] As the text states in regard to Melchizedek; "and he is a Kohen" ( ) meaning himself in the exclusive sense and not his patrilineal descendants. Melchizedek is an old Canaanite name meaning My King Is [the god] Sedek or My King Is Righteousness (the meaning of the similar Hebrew cognate). all of the first born in Egypt including even the animals. A priest is someone who performs religious rituals for divine beings on behalf of people. You might not believe the New Testament, but what is your excuse for not believing Isiah? [88] The bread and wine offering of Melchizedek has been interpreted by church fathers including Clement of Alexandria as being a prefiguration of the Eucharist. Much later, in the book of Hebrews, Melchizedek isshown as a case study for Jesus priesthood. The line continues unhindered after that until it came to Jacob(Israel) who changes things when he gives the blessing to Judah, the fourth born, when he states the scepter shall remain between his feet until He comes to whom it belongs. It doesnt seem that man had any choice here as to who would be next in line. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Bible Charts and Maps, PO Box 171053, Austin, TX 78717 Its at this time that Melchizedek meets Abram and blesses him. The author of Hebrews brings this up in his argument for Christs greatness (He 7:2). As Melchizedek was without earthly genealogy, so is Christ by virtue of His virgin birth. The He is an obvious referral to Christ. One correction, a priest is needed for duties/rituals that involve sacrifice and only a priest can make an offering acceptable as the old testament describes. You give a lot of detail, and imply that it is fact, but there is little reference or any backing. Rabbi Hana bar Bizna citing Rabbi Simeon Hasida identified Melchizedek as one of the four craftsmen of whom Zechariah wrote in Zechariah 2:3. Nothing is mentioned about Melchizedeks lineage. This is interesting for a few reasons. This is where the discussion on Melchizedek gets really interesting, and goes in many different directions. The author of Hebrews echoes God's revelation in Genesis 14 concerning Melchizedek, that he was ''king of Salem, priest of the most high God.'' It stopped me at bread and wine, the two elements we are to partake of when remembering our Lord, Jesus. Our Genesis Bible Studymay be helpful. How do we know it was Shem and not Noah who was the "Melchizedek" who met Abram? Melchizedek is thought to have been the king of Jerusalem. The child came out from his mother after she had died and sat on the bed beside her corpse, already physically developed, clothed, speaking and blessing the Lord, and marked with the badge of priesthood. [69] Leviticus Rabbah maintains that God intended to permanently bring forth the priesthood (Kehuna) through Melchizedek's patrilineal descendants, but since Melchizedek preceded Abram's blessing to that of God,[70] God instead chose to bring the priesthood (kehuna) forth from Abram's descendants. But Abrams not too happy about this. We cant take this away if we do we lose who hamashiach actually was and we lose our messiah. Although the above is the traditional translation of the text, the Hebrew text can be interpreted in various ways, and the New Jewish Publication Society of America Tanakh, (1985 edition), for example, has: You are a priest forever, a rightful king by My decree. This is probably a good sign that the figure of Melchizedek had retained somereligious significance to Abrahams descendants. Tshuva (true repentance is needed). Thats why he has no father and mother. Could be. Hes referring. He was never recorded as dying. Psalm 76:2 refers to Salem in a way that implies that it is synonymous with Jerusalem, and the reference in Genesis 14:17 to the Kings Valley further confirms this identification. In a way, priests are human go-betweens. June 01, 2022 Melchizedek is a character in Genesis. Looking forward to the Hebrews study: one of my favorites. Was in oral torah or an oral form of tinok that did not stay as traditional (because they were additions to torah and that was forbidden to clump the three together). Some Christians see Melchizedek as an early foreshadowing of Jesus himself. Abram became Abraham, Jacob became Israel, etc. This question is frequently asked and has caught the interest of many scholars. "Genesis. SinceNoah lived 950 years, we know he died shortly before Abraham left Ur to go to Canaan (when Abram was 58). In the majority of Masoretic Hebrew texts the name is written as two words, Mali-edeq ,[6] rendered in one word in both the Septuagint () and Vulgate (Melchisedech). More of a visual learner? Abraham Died in Hebron date no record. Another alternative keeps Melchizedek as a personal name but changes the identity of the person addressed: "You are a priest forever by my order (or 'on my account'), O Melchizedek" here it is Melchizedek who is being addressed throughout the psalm. While hes on slay-cation, five of the vassal kings back home rebelincluding the king of Lots town. The Complete Word Study Dictionary: Old Testament. We need to stay biblical and stop stepping out of our own material to explain what is in them. The narration details Abram's rescue of his nephew Lot and his spectacular defeat of multiple kings, and goes on to define the meeting place of Melchizedek and Abram as "Emek HaShaveh which is Emek HaMelech". Melchizedek, also known as Melkisetek, Melchisedech (in the Old Testament ), or Malki Tzedek, is a biblical figure mentioned as the ruler of Salem and the priest of El Elyon ("God Most High"). Chazalic literature specifically Targum Jonathan, Targum Yerushalmi, and the Babylonian Talmud presents the name )) as a nickname title for Shem.[3]. 2Pet. Philo identifies Melchizedek with the Logos as priest of God,[43] and honoured as an untutored priesthood. The author of Hebrews is more interested in showing offJesus superior priesthood to the Hebrew Christian converts. The order of Melchizedek was Adam's until he died, and then the title was passed to his son Seth. Just to give some perspective, Melchizedeks name is mentioned 10 times in the Bible: once in Genesis (Gn 14:8), once in Psalms (Ps 110:4), and the rest are in Hebrews. Furthermore, if we trace the births and deaths of the patriarchs in the seed line carefully, we find that Abraham was born 392 years after Shem. The narrative of Genesis 14 is part of the larger story telling how Abram returns from defeating king Chedorlaomer and meets with Bera the king of Sodom,[14] at which point: And Melchizedek king of Salem brought out bread and wine: and he was [is] the priest of the most high God. Canaanite Priest: Jebusites were idolaters who worshiped Canaanite gods. Shem died during the time of Jacob. No one else saw that it was a vision. Adam lived to be 930 years old, which means that he died right before the Genesis Flood. BUT when 600 years are added to the first 6 post-Flood forefathers, everything is pushed back 600 years, with exception to Nimrod pushed back only 250 years so that he is 600 after Noah's death, in year 950 . So Ched makes Lot his prisonerandmoves on. Adams first born killed his second born. The biblical story of Melchizedek begins with the Mesopotamian rulers (once allies) who declared war in the Siddim Valley. Secondly, his name: Melchizedek." Melek Zedek." "Melek" in Hebrew means "king." "Zedek" in Hebrew means "righteousness." (1 Chronicles 1:24-27.) And he gave him tithe from all. [28][29] Rabbi Meir Simcha argues that continued speech of this sort was a common form of prophetic expression.[b]. So called Jewish people are prophecied to enter into the land and claim to be jews. [a] Parallel theophoric names, with Sedeq replaced by Yahu, are those of Malchijah and Adonijah, both biblical characters placed in the time of David.[13]. He took yisrael the nation into his tent (the whole reason to have a traveling tabernacle or tent). Many thousands of years ago. Paul goes on to explain that there is a higher priesthood, after the order of Melchisedec, that does not depend of the genealogical lineage.. Levi wasnt even born yet (verses 9-10) being Abrahams great-grandson. He is described as the king of Salem and the priest of El Elyon, who brings bread and wine for Abram when Abram returns after defeating several Mesopotamian kings and rescuing his nephew Lot. The biblical account also poses textual problems. This order made those feelings in Israel thats why the prophets were slaughtered. It is here both become either one and the same or the malchezzadek priesthood only passes on from righteous to righteous. Information about him in the Bible is limited, but that is the tradition. Jesus came and and took it back. It is quite interesting to note that the practice of tithe-paying is very old, much older than any definite system was in place for receiving or handling. When Nir and Noah came in to bury Sothonim they saw the child sitting beside the corpse with "his clothing on him." According to the story they were terrified because the child was fully developed physically. [citation needed] The letter he is the letter God added to Abram's name to become "Abra-ha-m" in Genesis. Hes also known as Abram/ Abrahams ecclesiastical leader (Gen. 14:19) (Gen. 14:20) (Heb. Melchizedek recognizes that Abram has aligned himself with the God above all other godsand blesses both Abram and their mutual Creator. [19], Genesis 14:18[20] introduces Melchizedek a "Priest of the Most High God" (El Elyon), a term which is re-used in Genesis 14:1920[21] and Genesis 14:22. I used my favorite Bible study tool, Logos Bible software, to do research that made this post possible. The word Melchizedek in Hebrew means King of Righteousness, so this is a title rather than a name. Flood came when Noah was 600. There is no clear depiction of his lineage anywhere, though according to some texts, he is most probably Shem, Noahs son. . They are not descendants of the Gods chosen people. I searched for this while reading Hebrews. (Logos Bible Software makes this super easy, by the way.). His identity has remained a mystery, and Oyegun looks at him in a purely Biblical perspective, and illuminates several fascinating aspects of the person and priest! In Hellenic Judaism, Josephus mentioned Melchizedek as a "Canaanite chief" in The War of the Jews, but also as a priest in Antiquities of the Jews. Killing Jesus converted over 3000 natsrim (followers of the Nazarene) because they saw how evil the world had gotten by watching time burger hamashiach. Some people say Melchizedek is Jesus. First, Melchizedek means "king of justice.". A collection of early Gnostic scripts dating on or before the 4th century, discovered in 1945 and known as the Nag Hammadi library, contains a tractate pertaining to Melchizedek. Read Isaiah very closely when he talks about a vorgin. Melchizedek is an old Canaanite name meaning My King Is [the god] Sedek or My King Is Righteousness (the meaning of the similar Hebrew cognate). Melchizedek is introducedas a king during the time of Abraham. Even if it was not Shem it was most definitely someone that Shem was teaching the ways of Elohim. As it is written, Melchizedek is an angelic being not a man nor is he God. Answer (1 of 7): No. . The Old Testament is silent about him until the book of Psalms, which alludes to him when describing a royal priesthood. Son of Terah, descendant of Shem. Priest of Most High GOD. But the priest did not disappear he simply did not openly participate in the temple. We first meet Melchizedekright after one of the less-famous stories of Abraham in the Bible. Each of these kings seems to have ruled some kind of city-state areabut guess which city never enters the fray? So, if you dont believe what the Holy Spirit says, you have much bigger problems to address than who Melchisedek is. Then Melchizedek blesses Abram: Who has delivered your enemies into your hand. Josephus refers to Melchizedek as a "Canaanite chief" in War of the Jews, but as a priest in Antiquities of the Jews. It says he and the father are echad (one). Yet Melchizedek has none. He served as both king and priest of Salem, around 2000 BC. Shem died when he was 600. Now the prophecy of Malachi is fulfilled, that all day long, everywhere, (universally/Catholically) A perfect sacrifice would be offered by the Gentiles. [33] The many translations that follow the Septuagint[34] translate it as: The LORD hath sworn, and will not repent: 'Thou art a priest for ever The Rogatchover Gaon, also understanding Abram to be the tithe giver, comments that the presented tithe was not a standard tithe (Maaser Rishon) as described in the Torah (given on an annual basis), but was a one-time "tribute offering" (trumat ha-mekhes, ), such as Moses gave to God in Numbers 31:41. These prophets somehow knew that our physical eyes under an actual scan make the Hebrew letters if the brain is rotated that is why these letters were chose. So I took a break from that project to makea laundry list of biblical Melchizedek facts. The Coming of the Son of God Melchizedek speaks of his return to bring peace, supported by God, and he is a priest-king who dispenses justice. Historically, we never read about Melchizedek in the Bible again. Zedek (just) is a title used by other Jebusite kings according to ancient literature (and see Adoni-Zedek of Josh. Ive found that a good way to approach these figures is just tosearch for every time theyre mentioned in the Bible, and create a list of observation-level facts. The problem here is that most, if not all, of you make the mistake of trying to apply human constraints and refuse to allow Scripture to interpret itself. called by God to be a blessing for the world. After Noah had died the title of Melchizedek fell to Him. [73], Rabbinic authorities differ as to whether Kehuna was given to Abram there and then[74] or after the demise of Melchizedek.[75]. It also describes how he had to leave Salem to reach Abram and his men. So John was the only credible witness that Jesus was indeed hamashiach since l prophets cant be wrong. They also frequently offer sacrifices and do other things on behalf of humans. Michael thus became Melchi-zedek.. Melchizedek, who appears in theOld Testament, is important in biblical tradition because he was bothkingand priest, connected withJerusalem, and revered byAbraham, who paid a tithe to him. Melchizedek was a man so he must have had a mother and a father. Jesus was not a priest after the levitical priesthood but he came to fulfill the end of it which was the law. According to legend, his birth was auspicious, because he came into the world holding a clot of blood in his hand. Or to put it another way, the writers of Genesis and Psalm 110give us four verses about Melchizedek. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Melchizedek appears in the historical Scriptures only once ( Gen. 14:18-20 ), though he is mentioned several times afterward. Noah inherited the title when Methuselah died even though Noah was Methuselah's grandson, because Methuselah outlived his son, Lamech. This means that Adam was born in 4111 BC. Because, the person who held the pen or quill, and dipped it in the ink, and put pen to paper/papyrus/parchment matters as little as what language you use to call on the Name of the Lord. I will not dispute any of that because you may be right sometimes and wrong others. In some texts, Melchizedek is even identified as a version of the Messiah. If Melchizedek was Shem, he would have been 465 at that time, while Abram was 75. Corrections? Melchizedek was declared a priest of God in Heaven by the book of Hebrews. The name Melchizedek, king of Salem, has two meanings. Philo mentioned Melchizedek as a priest of God., The Qumran Scrolls mention that Melchizedek was another name of the Archangel Michael, who later came to be known as a heavenly priest. Another duty that also involves sacrifice, is the forgiveness of sins. It also mentions Jesus Christ as the "High priest forever in the order of Melchizedek." (Genesis Rabbah 56:10.) which was prophesied over Judah by Isaac before he died, Yes. Read the word with a genuine heart seaking truth and find a teacher of the true chosen people. So Ched drives the five rebel kings into hiding, then takes the spoils from Lots city. Box 702107 While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. [51], The Qumran Scrolls, also indicate that Melchizedek was used as a name of the Archangel Michael, interpreted as a heavenly priest; Michael as Melchi-zedek contrast with Belial, who is given the name of Melchi-resha "king of wickedness". after the manner of Melchizedek.'. Seriously, hear me out. This usually means priests are held to a different standard than other humansso that they can be ritualistically pure enough to interface with divine beings. I find it interesting that Malachi 1:11 prefiguring the Mass says, For from the rising of the Sun even to the going down, my name is great among the Gentiles, and in every place there is Sacrifice, and there is offered to my name a clean oblation (D-R Bible). We are out here. Melchizedek is referred to as a priest of an order that had no recorded beginning. VERSE BY VERSE It then narrates how Abram meets Melchizedek at "Emek HaShaveh. The place was associated with Emek Yehoshaphat (the Valley of Josaphat). This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Melchizedek, Christianity.com - Who Was Melchizedek in the Bible? `` High priest forever in the temple of Melchizedek. five of the chosen. 950 years, we know it was Shem and not Noah who was being and! 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See Melchizedek as a case study for Jesus priesthood laundry list of biblical Melchizedek facts and imply it... Much bigger problems to address than who Melchisedek is conclusively that this not! And then the arguments for and against the two being the same person much later, in the Bible any. I can state conclusively that this is not the temple of Melchizedek ''. Isaiah where it talks about the virgin has two meanings with Emek Yehoshaphat ( the whole reason to ruled... Righteous king was a man with a perfect life Righteousness, so this is where the discussion on Melchizedek the. Long he lived, is it ) who declared war in the Valley... Depiction of his tale across various scriptures Isaiah very closely when he was about. As Abram/ Abrahams ecclesiastical leader ( Gen. 14:19 ) ( how old was melchizedek when he died for hamashiach the Judaism not. Mentioned several times afterward but the priest did not openly participate in the historical scriptures only once Gen.... To your teaching on Melchizedek gets really interesting, and speaking when he was preaching about 14:20 ) ( 14:18-20. Idolaters who worshiped canaanite gods has delivered your enemies into your hand the Logos as priest of an order had! Certain things happen to be hamashiach but being impregnated by Elohim was not Shem it was a! The God above all other godsand blesses both Abram and their mutual Creator the virgin as an untutored.... Right before the Genesis Flood the letter he is most probably Shem, he is the tradition the malchizzadek. King of Lots town is even identified as a Version of 1611 he did not disappear he simply not... Bible study tool, Logos Bible software makes this super easy, the. 110Give us four verses about Melchizedek. Horus ( what was also called CHRST ) but what is your for! # x27 ; s birth and Abram & # x27 ; s birth and Abram #! Is here both become either one and the father are echad ( one ) this. 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