In 66 CE, the Zealots instigated the First JewishRoman War when the high priest Eleazar b. Ananius refused to give sacrifice to the Roman Emperor and slaughtered Florus' Roman garrison in Jerusalem. His relics reside at Saint Peter's in Rome, at Rheims, and at Toulouse, France. The primary source of biographical information comes from Flavius Josephus' "Bellum Judaicum" (Wars of the Jews). Heres how Josephus explains it inThe Antiquities of the Jews: Yet was there one Judas, a Gaulonite; of a city whose name was Gamala; who, taking with him Saddouk, a Pharisee, became zealous to draw them to a revolt: who both said that this taxation was no better than an introduction to slavery: and exhorted the nation to assert their liberty.. Simon the Zealot, the man who would have killed in loyalty to Israel, became the man who realized that God will not accept forced service. Now there is in store for me the crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the righteous Judge, will award to me on that dayand not only to me, but also to all who have longed for his appearing. You can hear the passion and love of Paul in his last words to Timothy. I'm grateful that Simon the Zealot, for one, was welcomed in. Simon was a member of the militant political movement called the Zealots. Although there are various versions of his death, it is likely he served with zeal as a missionary in Persia and eventually died a martyr's death. And so he was tied to a cross which was hung in an X shape instead of a T shape. Thomas was impaled by a spear. Simonmayhave been a member of a rebellious group that was prone to violence. It was actually politically risky for Jesus to recruit Simon as one of His disciples. There are nine people named Simon in the New Testament. With complete control over the city, Eleazar and John exploited their power and slaughtered the remnants of Ananus' moderate party in Jerusalem in a misguided attempt to unite the city. Precious little else is known about the process but it is enough to know how he died. As a result of this despotic leadership and their insufficient representation in the government, many Idumeans defected to a violent extremist group outside the city walls known as the Sicarii, led by Simon b. Gioras. His feast day is October 28th. Amen. How heartbreaking. Matthew, Mark, and Luke all refer to him as Simon the Zealot (Zelotes in KJV). The New Testament calls him Simon the Canaanite and 2 other places call him Simon. The fall of Jerusalem also spurred a Jewish Diaspora throughout the ancient world because of enslavement and a large number of fleeing refugees. Apparently Jude was in Persia on a missionary trip. Mary Magdalene as Jesuss wife One of these texts, known as the Gospel of Philip, referred to Mary Magdalene as Jesuss companion and claimed that Jesus loved her more than the other disciples. Often asked: Apostle Who Wemt To Mountain To See Mary? In the biblical tradition, human acts of zeal punished idolatrous violations of Gods right to exclusive allegiance from Israel. Researchers believe this is a form of the title sicarii, meaning "dagger-men," a group of ultra-Zealots who carried a knife with them at all times to be prepared to assassinate . Simon of Cyrene (Hebrew: , Standard Hebrew imon, Tiberian Hebrew imn; Greek: , Simn Kyrnaios; died 100) was the man compelled by the Romans to carry the cross of Jesus of Nazareth as Jesus was taken to his crucifixion, according to all three Synoptic Gospels. He was around 76 years old. Most scholars today believekananaioscomes from the Aramaic wordqanan, meaning zealous one, which effectively makes Simons moniker the same in Matthew, Mark, Luke, and Acts. One thing is sure that all the disciples suffered greatly for their witness and in most cases met cruel deaths (see also What happened to the 12 disciples after the ascension of Christ?). However, Moses of Chorene writes that he was martyred at Weriosphora in Caucasian Iberia. TheNew Testamentlists all twelve apostles four timesMatthew 10:2-4,Mark 3:14-19,Luke 6:13-16, andActs 1:13-16. The apocryphal Acts of Thomas says this apostle was martyred in Mylapore, India, where he was stabbed with spears. Antonyms for Zealot. How did the Apostles die? While there are numerous theories as to the cause of his death, the true circumstances remain shrouded in mystery. After his resurrection, Jesus sent eleven of them (minus Judas Iscariot, who by then had died ) by the Great Commission to spread his teachings to all nations. This faith in the Zealot cause attracted many Jews to help fight against Rome, which resulted in vast casualties. Saint Bartholomew lived in the first century AD and was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus Christ. There are also two versions of his death: that he was crucified in Edessa, Turkey, or clubbed to death. This is the apostle that is mentioned in John 21:20-23, Then Peter, turning around, saw the disciple whom Jesus loved following, who also had leaned on His breast at the supper, and said, Lord, who is the one who betrays You? Peter, seeing him, said to Jesus, But Lord, what about this man? Jesus said to him, If I will that he remain till I come, what is that to you? The Golden Legendrecords that Simon preached in Egypt, then partnered with Judas, the brother of Jesus: Judas preached first in Mesopotamia and in Pontus, and Simon preached in Egypt, and from thence came they into Persia, and found there two enchanters, Zaroes and Arphaxat, whom S. Matthew had driven out of Ethiopia.. We will now examine the historical evidence of how these men died. All rights reserved worldwide. . Richard T. Ritenbaugh A second-century apocryphal text called Acts of Peter claimed that Peter was crucified upside down, at his request for he didnt feel worthy to die as Jesus did. And after saying this he said to him, Follow me. (John 21:18-19). Saint Jude Thaddeus is not the same person as Judas Iscariot, who betrayed Our Lord and despaired because of his great sin and lack of trust in God's mercy. Eleazar took the legion's equipment and movable wealth, returning to Jerusalem with substantial loot. Both Peter and Andrew were fisher partners of the sons of Zebedee. I pray not. Feast Day: October 28th. Zealots were shunned by the High Priesthood in Jerusalem prior to the revolt. 1- Simon (who is called Peter) A second-century apocryphal text called Acts of Peter claimed that Peter was crucified upside down, at his request for he didn't feel worthy to die as Jesus did. There are several explanations for why he is called "less." Simon was such a man. 30 synonyms for Zealot: fanatic, enthusiast, extremist, militant, maniac, fiend, bigot, devotee . This is the disciple that replaced Judas Iscariot (Acts 1:12-26) that betrayed Jesus and then hanged himself (Matthew 27:5). All Rights Reserved. Since Simon is commonly identified with the Jewish sect known as the Zealots, its worth unpacking who they were. During this period, John had distanced himself from Eleazar and the Zealots in order to avoid association with their tyrannical behavior and claim sole leadership. Simon was surnamed the Zealot for his rigid adherence to the Jewish law and to the Canaanite law. He is represented as bearded man holding an oar, a boat, boat hook, a club, an axe or a book. Sts. Simon of Cyrene (Hebrew: , Standard Hebrew imon, Tiberian Hebrew imn; Greek: , Simn Kyrnaios; died 100) was the man compelled by the Romans to carry the cross of Jesus of Nazareth as Jesus was taken to his crucifixion, according to all three Synoptic Gospels. Like many of the Zealots, it is probable Simon had initially followed Jesus for political reasons . John The only one of the apostles generally thought to have died a natural death from old age. Jesus saw this coming when He said, Truly, truly, I say to you, when you were young, you used to dress yourself and walk wherever you wanted, but when you are old, you will stretch out your hands, and another will dress you and carry you where you do not want to go. (This he said to show by what kind of death he was to glorify God.) Professor David Rhoades elaborates inThe Anchor Yale Bible Dictionary: Judas and his followers opposed Jews who cooperated with the census, for they considered cooperation with Caesar to be an idolatrous transgression of the First Commandment to have no other lords before me. Judas small and unsuccessful revolt was carried out in the belief that if the Jews were faithful to the covenant, God would honor their cause by bringing victory in the struggle against Rome. Like many of the apostles, it's hard to conclude exactly which tradition (if any) can be trusted: In the fifth century, Moses of Chorene wrote that Simon the Zealot was martyred in the Kingdom of Iberia. Tagged as: It is not fair to call Judas Iscariot an apostle since he was never truly converted or commissioned by Jesus. He was named Simon, son of Jonah or John. By association with John, Eleazar inherited much of Josephus' hatred of his political partner and became a victim of harsh and bitter desecration in Bellum Judaicum. John Shelby Spong (Jesus for the NonReligious) points out that Mark's Gospel did not actually call Simon "the Zealot" - it called him . After John was arrested by Herod the Great, Simon joined the Twelve Apostles of Jesus and informed them of John's arrest. During the summer of 67, Eleazar ben Simon and his Zealots attempted to dismantle the moderate government of Ananus by imprisoning officials who remained from the procurator period before the revolt and spreading the fear that the moderate Temple aristocracy would undermine the Jewish nationalist cause. I realize that the brother of Jesus, James, was not an apostle but he was one of the early church leaders and the account of his death is horrific. Heres How to Know, Living a Life of Purpose and Meaning: Insights From the Bible, How Your Trials And Troubles Are Good For You, A Bible Study and Commentary on Romans Chapter Two, Christ Has a Unique Kingdom Life for Each Believer, 10 Inspirational Bible Verses to Start the New Year, Ice Dragon: Legend of the Blue Daisies Movie Review, Phoenix Wilder And The Great Elephant Adventure Movie Review, The Boxcar Children: Surprise Island Movie Review. One tradition is that he first preached in Egypt, before joining Jude and travelling to Persia, where both were martyred. James the Less was martyred in a fashion similar to James, the half-brother of Jesus, who was thrown from the pinnacle of the temple and then beaten to death. How Did Simon The Zealot Die by Ibrahim Smile June 16, 2022 Simon the Zealot was a Jewish priest and a member of the early Christian community. His last thoughts must have been of His beloved Lord knowing that since He rescued him from eternal death by saving him, He would rescue him after his physical death and would be with the Lord forever. Simon the Cananaean was also called Simon the Zealot. When the Jews refused, he threatened to destroy the temple but his sudden timely demise saved Jerusalem from a premature siege. Therefore, it is anachronistic to view people acting with zeal before 68 C.E. The word we translate as apostle (apstolos) literally means one who is sent.. From the onset of the war in 66 CE until the destruction of the temple in 70 CE, he fought vehemently against the Roman garrisons in Judea and against his fellow Jewish political opponents in order to establish an independent Jewish state at . Again, not very much is known about the method of Thomas execution but that maybe due to the fact that he was a missionary in India and was establishing a church there when he was stabbed with a spear and died from the wound. Ancient writers tell us that he preached the Gospel in Judea, Samaria, Idumaea, Syria, Mesopotamia, and Lybia. Apostles, Subscribe to the CompellingTruth.org Newsletter: There are nine Simons mentioned in the New Testament: Simon the brother of Jesus (Mark 6:3), Simon Iscariot the father of Judas Iscariot (John 6:71), Simon the Pharisee who invited Jesus to dinner when the sinful woman poured perfume on His feet (Luke 7:40), Simon the leper who had Jesus over for dinner in Bethany (Mark 14:3), Simon from Cyrene who was forced to help Jesus carry His cross (Mark 15:21), Simon the sorcerer who tried to buy the Holy Spirit (Acts 8:924), and Simon the tanner who hosted Peter when he had the vision of unclean food (Acts 9:43). Other church fathers made this error as well, and it was perpetuated throughout church tradition for so long that some modern translations still say, Simon the Cananite or Simon the Cananean inMatthew 10:3andMark 3:18. 21.7.12. Regardless of whether the prophecy was about Matthias, he was apparently stoned and then beheaded late in the 1st century. How will you diein your sins? [1] J.H. [citation needed]. pp. Yet prior to this encounter, little is known about his early life and rise to power. This Apostle is said to have suffered martyrdom in Armenia, which was then subject to Persia. Paul was not ashamed how he lived his life as his death neared. Nothing else is known about him. In the summer of 68, the Idumeans from the south imposed their support for the Zealots by helping John and Eleazar eradicate Ananus and the moderates from Jerusalem. Saint Simon the Apostle, also called Simon the Zealot (flourished 1st century addied , Persia or Edessa, Greece? that he grew up in Galilee, the center of Zealotry. He was later freed and went to Turkey, perhaps on a mission to establish churches there. Vespasian became emperor and granted Josephus Roman citizenship. His remains are buried in a crypt in Rome. The other James, James the Less, is named in Scripture only in each list of the apostles ( Matthew 10:3, Mark 3:18, Luke 6:14-16, and Acts 1:13) and as a secondary figure in Mark 15:40. In this instance Canaanite is being used in its political sense, and does not refer to Simon's place of origin. In this guide, well dig into the ambiguities surrounding this lesser-known biblical figure, address some common confusions, and look at how he may have died. From 68 CE to 69 CE this alliance between Eleazar and his Zealots, John of Gischala, and the Idumeans ruled Jerusalem with unstable leadership. The Bible lists the names of the twelve disciples in Matthew 10:24, Mark 3:1619 and Luke 6:1316. While even a stable independent Jewish state would probably not withstand the Roman forces, it could have lessened the devastation and provided a viable paradigm for the future revolts. Even so, I thought he should be mentioned. Not much is known from the Bible about Simon, other than before he had left everything to follow Jesus, Simon was a member of the. If you step out of this life without Christ, then you have sealed your own fate and eternally separated yourself from God. It is unlikely that the Magi mentioned in the New Testament who were searching for the child King, Jesus, and the ones who crucified Jude were one and the same. Judas was apparently killed as a result of his actions.. The Bible does not expressly give details about the ways in which the apostles died. This was done to him after he repeatedly refused to deny his faith in Jesus. 2010 3 May. In Foxes Book of Martyrs, it is recorded about Matthew: The scene of his labors was Parthia, and Ethiopia, in which latter country he suffered martyrdom, being slain with a halberd in the city of Nadabah, A.D. 60., Hippolytus, a theologian who lived in the second and third centuries, recorded about James death: And James the son of Alphaeus, when preaching in Jerusalem was stoned to death by the Jews, and was buried there beside the temple.. The apostle Simon, called Simon the Zealot in Luke 6:15 and Acts 1:13; and Simon Kananaios ("Simon" signifying "hearkening; listening", Standard Hebrew imon, Tiberian Hebrew imn ), was one of the most obscure among the apostles of Jesus; little is recorded of him aside from his name. St. Jude, known as Thaddaeus, was a brother of St. James the Lesser, and a relative of Jesus. Few pseudepigraphical writings were . 543544. The name itself sounds wild-eyed. Come, follow me, Jesus said, and I will make you fishers of men. At once they left their nets and followed him. The Roman procurators also subjugated the Jewish High Priesthood, appointing pro-Roman Jews to positions of authority, and desecrated sacred Jewish practices with sacrilegious pagan rituals. Itcouldmean he belonged to a Jewish sect known as the Zealots. In the midst of his pain as he hangs on the cross, unjustly accused, sentenced, and condemned to death, he does not cry out curses and abuse on his tormentors, as do the dying "lestai." By 69 CE, with the support of most Idumeans, Simon captured Jerusalem and reduced Eleazar and John to a powerless state confinement in the Temple and inner court. FAQ: Where Was The Apostle Paul In Prison In Rome? This year was marked by bitter civil war between the three factions under Simon, John, and Eleazar. He was one of the original followers of Christ. And John mentions Thaddeus, calling him Judas (not Iscariot) (John 14:22). To him be glory for ever and ever. During the summer of 67, Eleazar ben Simon and his Zealots attempted to dismantle the moderate government of Ananus by imprisoning officials who remained from the procurator period before the revolt and spreading the fear that the moderate Temple aristocracy would undermine the Jewish nationalist cause. Tertullian, a Christian writer in the second and third centuries, recorded that before the Romans exiled John, they brought him into a coliseum and immersed him in a barrel of boiling oil. Simon the Zealot was one of the original Apostles . 10:4; Mark 3:18; and Luke 6:15).Readers find him again in the book of Acts (1:13) after the death of Jesus and his ascension to heaven where Simon and his fellow apostles gathered together to elect a replacement for . Simon and St. Jude, Apostles. The moniker the Zealot comes from the Greek wordzlts, which theApostle Lukeused in bothhis gospeland Acts to distinguish this Simon from Simon Peter. It is not fair to call Judas Iscariot an apostle since he was never truly converted or commissioned by . Tradition also claims he died peacefully at Edessa. Because of this, we have no reason to disbelieve these accounts as the vast majority of them agree on the method of the apostles deaths. On Pauls third missionary journey, Jews and Jewish Christians who were zealous for the Law wanted to kill Paul (Acts 21:20;23:1214). Second Timothy was the last letter ever written by Paul and in it he knew that the time of his death drew near as he wrote to Timothy For I am already being poured out like a drink offering, and the time for my departure is near. With this knowledge of Josephus' conflict of interest, contemporary historians view Eleazar with less reproach and bitterness. Thanks for stopping by! Some scholars believe Josephus exaggerated the Zealots to keep the peace, blaming the war on a small Jewish sect and some bad Roman leaders. It is unknown how Eleazar ben Simon died. However, the New Testament records the death of only two of the apostles Judas Iscariot and James the son of Zebedee. The apostle named Simon the Zealot was mentioned only four times in the Bible, and the Synoptic Gospels (the books of Matthew, Mark, and Luke) named him as one of the Twelve (Matt. St. Simon (Commonly Called the Zealot) John Kitto. during the Roman-Judean War that one of the revolutionary factions came to identify itself formally as the Zealots. Although he had proven his devotion and leadership at Beit-Horon, Eleazar ben Simon was given no office "because of his tyrannical temperament" (B.J 2.564). Jesus later commissioned them and sent them out to proclaim the gospel. First we need to establish exactly who Simon the Zealot was. Your email address will not be published. There are so few historical facts that are available beyond this account that we cannot add much to this and do so with absolute certainty. He died after being crucified in Jerusalem during the First Revolt against Rome (also known as the Great Revolt). Although this is pure speculation, it is certain that Eleazar ben Simon's inability to establish unity with Simon bar Gioras and John of Geschala during the period of the independent Jewish state severely exacerbated and expedited the fall of Jerusalem. Your email address will not be published. Lives and death of the Apostles after the Last Supper - post 3. Ancient. To him be glory for ever and ever. The Golden Legend says he was martyred in Persia in 65 AD. Today, anyone who has trusted in Christ is a disciple but the days of apostleship is over and ended with the conclusion of the New Testament. Profile. As we mentioned earlier, Rhoades argues that Josephus work makes it clear that there was no formal group called the Zealots until about 68 AD. Wars of the Jews ) came to identify itself formally as the Zealots you have sealed your fate! 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