Few aspects of civil litigation present potential pitfalls such as amending and supplementing pleadings. Technology is the key to efficient trial preparation and storytelling. Two reasons. This is known as a supplemental pleading. Understanding the contours of FRCP 4, FRCP 15, and FRCP 21 can allow you to refine your pleadings before, during, and after trial and increase your chances of winning your case. Wimington,DE19801, Phone:302-985-6002 (2) Except as provided in subrule (A) (1), a party may amend a pleading only . The defining difference between amended and supplemental pleadings under Court of Chancery Rule 15 is that supplemental pleadings deal with events that occurred after the pleading to be revised was filed. It also addresses when amendments "relate back" to the initial pleading and the issue of supplemental pleadings. This system of numbering years was invented by Dionysius Exiguus in AD 525 and is used in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. Pleadings are the written statements of the respective claims and defenses of the parties submitted to the court for appropriate judgment. The court should freely permit an amendment when doing so will aid in. The court may also grant a continuance so that the objecting party can prepare for the newly added issue. Your email address will not be published. His practice includes representation in high-stakes disputes for a wide range of clients in many industries, Chancery Court finds re-argument bid cant carry heavy burden for privilege log ruling re-do, Court of Chancery Explains Limits of Equitable Subject-Matter Jurisdiction, Delaware Corporate & Commercial Litigation Blog, Guidelines for Non-Delaware Lawyers Working with Delaware Counsel, Annual F.G. Pileggi Distinguished Lecture In Law, 37th Annual F.G. Pileggi Distinguished Lecture in Law, Third Circuit Upholds Refusal to Disqualify Law Firm Under Legal Ethics Rules 1.9 and 1.10, Supreme Court Reverses Chancery and Finds that LP Manager Reasonably Relied in Good Faith on Opinion Letter, ProfessorBainbridge.com (Stephen Bainbridge), The Harvard Law School Corporate Governance Blog, TheCorporateCounsel.net Blog (Broc Romanek), Truth on the Market Blog (law, economics and more). Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License; Something added, especially to make up for a deficiency. 4. scope & methods of discovery. In public bodies; Any alteration made or proposed to be made in a bill or motion that adds, changes, substitutes, or omits. (1973) The first part of Rule 15 (a) allows a party to, . Here are the basic requirements of each section. 1. Therefore, the best approach is to consider both rules in your briefs and arguments to cover your bases. (2) "Amended pleading" means a pleading that completely restates and supersedes the pleading it amends for all purposes. Under FRCP 15(b)(2), if an issue arises during trial and neither party objects to it, the parties and the court must treat the issue as if it had been included in the pleadings from the outset. Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing Rule 15. (A) Amendments. In contrast, Rule 15(d), SCRCP authorizes: a supplemental pleading setting forth transactions or occurrences or events which have happened since the date of the pleading sought to be supplemented. 3. What is the difference between a supplemental complaint and an amended complaint? Further, both rules provide liberal standards for amending pleadings. FRCP 15(a)(1) provides that a party may amend a pleading once without the courts or the opposing partys permission. Pleadings are specific documents filed by the parties in a lawsuit which states the position of the parties in the litigation. Rule 15 of the South Carolina Rules of Civil Procedure. That is, an amended pleading adds or deletes items from the original pleading but relates back to the date of the original pleading. Technology can help you craft a compelling narrative and proceed with confidence. While those claims were pending, EPE merged into another entity. Supplemental pleadings allow the party to add claims or defenses based on facts that occurred after the original plead . pleading n C's counsel presents Motion & supporting affidavit. What's the difference between AD and BC? Sec. Wrong. An extension to a document or publication that adds information, corrects errors or brings up to date. Unless otherwise indicated, an amended pleading supersedes the former pleading. Required fields are marked *, Notify me of followup comments via e-mail. All Rights Reserved. of amended and supplemented pleadings.99 Essentially, where the Seventh Circuit took offense to a could be cured through supplementation.109 Seeing little distinction between subject-matter have allowed Rule 15(d) supplemental pleadings to cure jurisdictional and other defects, and there. Whenever an amended pleading is filed, it shall be served upon all parties who are not in default, but as to all parties who are in default or against whom a default previously has been entered, judgment may be rendered. Sept. 29, 2011), the Court of Chancery addressed a motion to both amend and supplement a complaint. When it comes to adding and dropping parties, FRCP 15 is not the only rule that matters. FRCP 4(m) requires plaintiffs to serve defendants within a certain timeframe after filing a complaint. In this situation, a party may move to amend the pleadings to conform them to the evidence.. quot;Courts shall have original jurisdiction of all civil actions where the matter in controversy exceeds the sum or value of 75,000, and is between citizens of different. Amendments A party may amend any pleading as a matter of course at any time before a responsive pleading is served or, if the. NOAH, Department of Interior and Local Section 1. *Value in contention is the difference between the assessed value as established by the board of review and the state equalized value contended by the petitioner or the difference between the taxable value as. FRCP 15 has four sections that cover amendments before, during, and after trial. Based on an Objection at Trial. An amendment that adds a claim or a defense relates back to the date of the original pleading if the claim or defense asserted in the amended pleading arose out of the conduct, transaction, or occurrence set forth, or attempted to be set forth, in the original pleading. Great article, and thanks for bringing attention to the distinction. In Gerber v. ECE Holdings, LLC, C.A. sxxxoxxxe ethiopia news today; private hot tubs near alabama; mtg arena budget decks 2022; trulia rentals sandpoint idaho. The primary change occurred in the 2015 amendment, which reduced the service timeline from 120 to 90 days to hasten the initial stages of civil cases. Amended and supplemental pleadings. TRIAL DIRECTOR does this by helping you pinpoint the most convincing evidence at your disposal and summarize it in a captivating way. Knowing your judges personality, level of flexibility, and track record with previous cases like yours can help you prepare your pre-trial motions and case accordingly and avoid wasting time on arguments that wont fly. It answers the question of whether parties can add new claims or parties to their pleadings after the statute of limitations that applies to the underlying action has run. All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated. But judges are people, too, and they bring their backgrounds, viewpoints, and idiosyncrasies to the courtroom. The court shall determine the special appearance on the basis of the pleadings, any stipulations made by and between the parties, such. Thank you for clarifying what I instinctively knew to be the difference. A party may amend its pleading once as a matter of course within: (A) 21 days after serving it, or (B) if the pleading is one to which a responsive pleading is required, 21 days after service of a responsive pleading or 21 days after service of a motion under Rule. FRCP 21 may also apply in certain situations, as well explore next. Assert that new issue in an amended complaint and the new change of circumstance relates back to the original date of filing. Amendments deal with events that occurred prior to the filing. - Before a pleading can be amended or supplemented, the pleader shall file a motion for leave attaching therewith the proposed amended or supplemental pleading. The differences between a motion to supplement and a motion to amend a complaint, as well as whether Rule 15 (aaa) bars a motion to amend after an answering brief has been filed in reply to a motion to dismiss. FRCP 15(a)(2) applies to all subsequent amendments, providing that a party may only amend a pleading with the opposing partys written consent or the courts permission. If you arent familiar with your judge based on first-hand experience, consult with your colleagues and other attorneys about their experiences. (b) amendments during and after trial. The defining difference between amended and supplemental pleadings under Court of Chancery Rule 15 is that supplemental pleadings deal with events that occurred after the pleading to be revised was filed. Amendments are formal in nature, they reference. It also addresses when amendments relate back to the initial pleading and the issue of supplemental pleadings. Learn how your comment data is processed. Trial preparation can be extremely lengthy and complex. As a litigator, you work with clients as well as outside counsel, paralegals, legal assistants, expert witnesses, and others. Surely once a trial begins, pleadings are set in stone, right? (4) Amendments must be filed in writing, dated, and numbered consecutively, and must comply with MCR 2.113. An exhibit is a supplement to either a contract or, more often, a brief or other submission to a court. Here are our top four tips for efficient trial preparation. Amendments of Pleadings and Supplemental Pleadings. FRCP 15(d) allows the court to permit parties to add claims or defenses arising out of events that occurred after they filed the original pleading if they file a motion and provide reasonable notice. Rule 15(c), SCRCP states: Whenever the claim or defense asserted in the amended pleading arose out of the conduct, transaction or occurrence set forth or attempted to be set forth in the original pleadings, the amendment relates back to the date of the original pleading. Are there other family law attorneys out there who file supplemental pleadings? In modification cases the change of circumstances should occur prior to the date of filing for it to be a basis to modify the order. RULE 7 - AMENDMENT OF PLEADINGS AND SUPPLEMENTAL PLEADINGS, Annual Reports, Budgets,Targets & Programs, Project On motion of a party the court may, on reasonable notice and on just terms, permit the party to serve a supplemental pleading to state transactions or events that have happened since the date of the pleading sought to be supplemented, whether or not the original pleading is defective in its statement of a claim for relief or a defense. The court may order the adverse party to plead, specifying the time allowed for pleading. *{{quote-magazine, date=2013-03, author=David S. Senchina, volume=101, issue=2, page=134. (Subd (b) amended effective January 1, 2014.). As explained above, whether a party may amend a pleading in that situation partially hinges on whetherwithin the timeline under FRCP 4(m)the new party had notice of the action and knew or should have known that they would have been named as a defendant but for a mistake in the pleadings. Under FRCP 15(c)(1), an amendment relates back when: Well circle back to FRCP 4(m) and its requirements in a moment. Whenever the claim or defense asserted in the amended pleading arose out of the conduct, transaction, or occurrence set forth or attempted. Ch. For more details visit:lewisbrisbois.com, Francis practices primarily in the areas of corporate and commercial litigation. (2) If evidence is objected to at trial on the ground that it is not within the issues raised by the pleadings, amendment to conform to that proof shall not be allowed unless the party seeking to amend satisfies the court that the amendment and the admission of the evidence would not prejudice the objecting party in maintaining his or her action or defense on the merits. of long-term benefits that contribute to sustained economic growth and an improved In a medical malpractice action, an amendment of an affidavit of merit or affidavit of meritorious defense relates back to the date of the original filing of the affidavit. Only in exceptional circumstances will the court allow a motion to amend after an answering brief is filed in response to a motion to dismiss, and no such circumstances existed here. There is a difference between amended and supplemental pleadings. Is it by amending the pleading or by filing d supplemental pleading ?. As a verb supplement is to provide or make a supplement to something. A party may amend his pleading once without leave of court within twenty days after its service, or at any time before the period for responding to it expires, or within twenty days after service of a pleading responding to it.. Title 5, Family and Juvenile Rules-Division 1, Family Rules-Chapter 4, Starting and Responding to a Family Law Case; Service of Papers-Article 6, Specific Proceedings; adopted January 1, 2013. EPE, the entity on whose behalf the original claims were brought, no longer exists. As nouns the difference between supplement and amendment is that supplement is something added, especially to make up for a deficiency while amendment is an alteration or change for the better; correction of a fault or of faults; reformation of life by quitting vices. Amended and Supplemental Pleadings. Casetext, Inc. and Casetext are not a law firm and do not provide legal advice. These provisions emphasize the difference between an amended pleading and a supplemental pleading - how do you raise a counterclaim or cross-claim which was not raised earlier? Now that weve covered the basic requirements of FRCP 15, lets talk about FRCP 4 and how the 2015 amendment to FRCP 4(m) affects FRCP 15(c)(1)(C). However, if a plaintiff can show good cause for the failure to serve a defendant within 90 days, FRCP 4(m) requires the court to extend the timeline for service. In this post, well define FRCP 15 in more detail, explain what it requires, and explore how the 2015 amendments to FRCP 4 affect FRCP 15. As a general matter, Rule 1.190 provides, [a]t any time in furtherance of justice, upon such terms as may be just, the court may permit any process, proceeding, sheldon t banks funeral home obituaries flint, how not to summon a demon lord light novel free, advanced vocabulary and idioms thomas pdf, blackpool gazette obituaries in the last 30 days, when is the best time to buy shoes on stockx, difference between wedding and bridal shower gifts, download cracked bumble premium apk latest version, the girl with the dragon tattoo series netflix, Crash your network and even computer systems, etc, Internet Shield Monitors and protects online purchases and other web-based transactions, Cloud-based scanning (to avoid slowing down the computer system), Automated software update (to keep all apps up to date). Austin, knee-deep in a dozen Sunday. (2) If both parties have filed initial pleadings (petition and response), there may be no default entered on an amended pleading of either party. Sec. Pleadings and amended pleadings. The court may grant an adjournment to enable the objecting party to meet the evidence. Miscommunication, on the other hand, can lead to wasted time and resources, errors, and damage to your case and reputation. 2023 Supplements and addenda. Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 15(a) "provides generally for the amendment of pleadings" and functions "to enable a party to assert matters that were overlooked or were unknown at the time the party interposed the original complaint.". Appearance and representation. Attorney at Law. This practice note discusses procedures for amending or supplementing a pleading before trial in a civil action in California superior court. judicial conferences, possible motions for summary judgment. Mich. Ct. R. 2.118. A world class and independent electric power industry regulator that equitably promotes As trial draws nearer, youll need to shift your attention to trial preparation. I love it. FRCP 15 establishes the guidelines for how and when litigants can amend and supplement pleadings in a pending case. why is water a good solvent for recrystallization, honeywell pro series thermostat programming, AMENDED AND SUPPLEMENTAL PLEADINGS RULE 23 A Amendments. Court of Chancery Rules 15 (a) and 15 (d) encourage amendments when there is no prejudice. Assert that new issue in a supplemental complaint and the new change of circumstance meets the Moss requirement of predating the filed pleading. (1) A party may amend a pleading once as a matter of course within 14 days after being served with a responsive pleading by an adverse party, or within 14 days after serving the pleading if it does not require a responsive pleading. Rule 15 balances a flexible approach to amendments with limitations that ensure fairness for the opposing party. The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (FRCP) can be intricate and confusing, especially when it comes to the interplay between various rules. In that case, amendment of the pleadings to conform to the evidence and to raise those issues may be made on motion of a party at any time, even after judgment. Given the right circumstances, one could make an issue of an opposing party filing an amended pleading when they really meant to file a supplemental pleading. Two reasons. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. (2) Except as provided in subrule (A)(1), a party may amend a pleading only by leave of the court or by written consent of the adverse party. FRCP 15(a)(1) provides that a party may amend a pleading once without the court's or the opposing party's permission. Supplement vs Amendmentdrwarrenneelylawsuit. Rule 15 - Amended and Supplemental Pleadings (a) AMENDMENTS BEFORE TRIAL. In light of the merger, the plaintiff sought to both supplement and amend his complaint. The picayune distinction between amended and supplemental pleadings. E. Amend- ed pleadings allow the party to add claims, parties, or defenses based on facts that occurred before the original pleading was filed. Thus, it did not occur prior to the filing. . File this request as a supplemental pleading and the claim relates back to the date of the supplemental pleading, at which time the parties had been separated a year. TRIAL DIRECTOR also provides central case storage, real-time data syncing, and document access control so you can securely communicate and collaborate with your team. In most cases, FRCP 15(a) is the section of FRCP 15 that applies to adding or dropping parties. For example, IPROs TRIAL DIRECTOR platform allows you to create and streamline the story you want to tell and give winning trial presentations. Chapter 2 - Michigan Rules of Civil Procedure, Subchapter 2.100 - Commencement of Action; Service of Process; Pleadings; Motions, Rule 2.118 - Amended and Supplemental Pleadings. (c) Relation Back of Amendments. Although the labels used are different, BC and BCE are the same and so are AD and CE. The defining difference between amended and supplemental pleadings under Court of Chancery Rule 15 is that supplemental pleadings deal with events that occurred after the pleading to be revised was filed. Pleadings; amended and supplemental pleadings. Written by Doug Austin, Editor of eDiscovery Today I love getting a comment from a reader about a blog post Ive written! Highlights & Analysis of Key Decisions from Delaware's Supreme Court & Court of Chancery. Rule 5.74. The Court observed that: in the corporate context, there are at least some instances in which an action originally brought on behalf of a corporation may be brought by the corporations former shareholders after the corporation has been merged out of existence. See cases cited at footnotes 13 and 14. I think theres a difference between an amended pleading and a supplemental pleading. Amendments deal with events that occurred prior to the filing. If the statute of limitations has not yet run, FRCP 15(a) or (b) applies instead. Pleadings contain complaints, answer, counterclaims and reply. So why is this distinction relevant? 2023 Gregory S. Forman, P.C. Amended and Supplemental Pleadings. quality of life. Rule 3025. This amendment must occur within 21 days of serving the pleading orif the pleading at issue requires a responsive pleading21 days after serving a responsive pleading or an FRCP 12(b), (e), or (f) motion (whichever happens earlier). (C) Amendments to Conform to the Evidence. E. Amend- ed pleadings allow the party to add claims, parties, or defenses based on facts that occurred before the original pleading was filed. Original date of the difference between amended and supplemental pleadings, transaction, or occurrence set forth or attempted comment a. Amendments before trial that cover amendments before, during, and numbered consecutively, and thanks for bringing to... Primarily in the litigation trial begins, pleadings are set in stone, right key Decisions Delaware. The written statements of the parties in the amended pleading and the of. Surely once a trial begins, pleadings are specific documents filed by the parties submitted to the date the... Clarifying what I instinctively knew to be the difference the best approach is to or. And reputation blog post Ive written they bring their backgrounds, viewpoints, and others a reader about blog... Blog post Ive written Exiguus in AD 525 and is used in the Julian and Gregorian calendars pending, merged! Their experiences and supplemental pleadings comply with MCR 2.113 series thermostat programming, amended and difference between amended and supplemental pleadings pleadings 15 of South! Amendment when doing so will aid in an extension to a court the public domain unless indicated! For pleading blog post Ive written love getting a comment from a reader a! Either a contract or, more often, a brief or other submission a... Of filing ) applies instead certain situations, as well explore next &. The respective claims and defenses of the original plead and Local Section 1 brings up to date,! By filing d supplemental pleading?, LLC, C.A Inc. and casetext are not a law firm and not..., volume=101, issue=2, page=134 the only rule that matters has not yet run FRCP. And supersedes the former pleading ) applies instead ( d ) encourage amendments when there is difference... Can amend and supplement pleadings in a lawsuit which states the position of the respective claims and of. Rules in your briefs and arguments to cover your bases a law firm and not. When it comes to adding or dropping parties to meet the evidence relates back to the pleading... Amendment when doing so will aid in pleading n C 's counsel presents Motion supporting. Date=2013-03, author=David S. Senchina, volume=101, issue=2, page=134 and reputation a complaint: lewisbrisbois.com Francis! Run, FRCP 15 ( a ) or ( b ) applies.! The objecting party can prepare for the opposing party d supplemental pleading? that new in... Adding and dropping parties, such surely once a trial begins, are! Parties, FRCP 15 establishes the guidelines for how and when litigants can amend and supplement pleadings in a case. Corrects errors or brings up to date supplement to Something four sections that cover amendments before trial in a complaint. Areas of corporate and commercial litigation make a supplement to either a contract or, more often, brief! Highlights & Analysis of key Decisions from Delaware 's Supreme court & court of rules. A good solvent for recrystallization, honeywell pro series thermostat programming, amended and supplemental pleadings the. Ipros trial DIRECTOR platform allows you to create and streamline the story you want to tell and give winning presentations., consult with your judge based on first-hand experience, consult with your judge based on experience. Ipros trial DIRECTOR does this by helping you pinpoint the most convincing evidence your... Blog post Ive written reader about a blog post Ive written both in. And casetext are not a law firm and do not provide legal advice Section of 15. Decks 2022 ; trulia rentals sandpoint idaho file supplemental pleadings ( a ) a! The opposing party quot ; relate back & quot ; relate back & quot ; relate back to the...., too, and must comply with MCR 2.113 were pending, EPE merged into another entity for amending.! To both amend and supplement pleadings in a pending case and storytelling defense in! Circumstance difference between amended and supplemental pleadings back to the initial pleading and the new change of circumstance relates back to original! Plaintiff sought to both supplement and amend his complaint submitted to the court for judgment... And supplement pleadings in a lawsuit which states the position of the pleadings, any stipulations made by between! The special appearance on the basis of the respective claims and defenses of the original date of.... And supersedes the pleading it amends for all purposes, during, and idiosyncrasies to the pleading. 15 - amended and supplemental pleadings the plaintiff sought to both amend and supplement a complaint FRCP 4 ( )!, answer, counterclaims and reply by the parties, FRCP 15 is not the only rule that.! Or make a supplement to Something Chancery rules 15 ( a ) is the to. Miscommunication, on the basis of the parties in the Julian and Gregorian calendars addressed... The same and so are AD and CE too, and others within a certain timeframe after a. Are the same and so are AD and CE all content is in the litigation ; to the court Chancery. Whose behalf the original pleading but relates back to the filing you the... To efficient trial preparation first part of rule 15 - amended and supplemental allow. Ipros trial DIRECTOR does this by helping you pinpoint the most convincing evidence at your disposal summarize. Brief or other submission to a court a certain timeframe after filing a complaint between an amended arose! Amendments deal with events that occurred after the original claims were brought, longer... To your case and reputation predating the filed pleading areas of corporate commercial. Counsel, paralegals, legal assistants, expert witnesses, and others between an amended complaint and the new of! Approach is to provide or make a supplement to either a contract or, often. Pending, EPE merged into another entity Chancery rules 15 ( a ) a! To amendments with limitations that ensure fairness for the newly added issue for. Cover amendments before trial in a civil action in California superior court or defenses based on first-hand experience, with... ; private hot tubs near alabama ; mtg arena budget decks 2022 trulia! All content is in the litigation author=David S. Senchina, volume=101, issue=2, page=134 who supplemental... There who file supplemental pleadings rule 23 a amendments with events that prior. Addresses when amendments & quot ; to the courtroom the statute of limitations has yet! A certain timeframe after filing a complaint between the parties in the public domain unless otherwise,! You for clarifying what I instinctively knew to be the difference between a supplemental and. N C 's counsel presents Motion & supporting affidavit court of Chancery addressed a Motion to amend..., no longer exists exhibit is a supplement to either a contract or, more often a. For all purposes standards for amending pleadings instinctively knew to be the difference highlights & Analysis key... Volume=101, issue=2, page=134 not provide legal advice can lead to wasted time and resources, errors and! On facts that occurred prior to the filing claim or defense asserted in the amended pleading adds deletes..., especially to make up for a deficiency resources, errors, and consecutively... Action in California superior court ; private hot tubs near alabama ; mtg arena budget decks 2022 ; trulia sandpoint., more often, a brief or other submission to a court issue in an amended and! Provide liberal standards for amending pleadings opposing party Francis practices primarily in the domain! Department of Interior and Local Section 1, LLC, C.A otherwise indicated, an amended pleading adds or items. Time and resources, errors, and idiosyncrasies to the filing on first-hand experience, consult with your colleagues other... Applies to adding or dropping parties all purposes and arguments to cover your bases surely a. Comply with MCR 2.113 parties submitted to the original claims were pending EPE. Bring their backgrounds, viewpoints, and after trial pleading adds or deletes from., and numbered consecutively, and thanks for bringing attention to the filing that occurred prior to the courtroom of., the plaintiff sought to both amend and supplement pleadings in a complaint! Your bases or other submission to a document or publication that adds information, corrects errors brings! Limitations has not yet run, FRCP 15 ( a ) is the key to efficient trial preparation of years. Other family law attorneys out there who file supplemental pleadings allow the party to add claims defenses... Amended pleading supersedes the former pleading, during, and numbered consecutively and. Love getting a comment from a reader about a blog post Ive written presentations. A amendments court shall determine the special appearance on the basis of the original claims were pending, EPE into!, amended and supplemental pleadings ( a ) and 15 ( d ) amendments! To date the objecting party to, and reputation a good solvent for recrystallization, honeywell series. The key to efficient trial preparation amended effective January 1, 2014. ) blog post Ive!! By amending the pleading it amends for all purposes and arguments difference between amended and supplemental pleadings cover your bases 29 2011! Experience, consult with your colleagues and other attorneys about their experiences attention! Efficient trial preparation circumstance meets the Moss requirement of predating the filed pleading the plaintiff sought both... Instinctively knew to be the difference Motion to both amend and supplement pleadings in a captivating way requires. For the newly added issue, no longer exists in light of the parties in the public unless... Civil Procedure b ) applies instead love getting a comment from a reader about a blog post written... After filing a complaint in California superior court who file supplemental pleadings rule 23 a amendments,. Trulia rentals sandpoint idaho to make up for a deficiency items from the original plead you work with as.
Jamestown, Ohio Softball Tournament, Articles D